Lutomirscius Stanialaus, (Polon. Lutomirski,) a Polish Knight of an illustrious family, and Secretary to Sigismund Augustus, King of Poland, was originally a Catholic Priest, and had the joint cures of Commin and Tussin. According to Sandius, he was designated Archbishop of Gnezno ; but whether there was ever any real intention of elevating him to that dignity, seems doubtful. About the year 1544, he adopted the Helvetic Confession ; and some years afterwards was appointed to succeed Felix Cruciger, as Superintendent of the Churches of Little Poland.

He was cited, by the Archbishop of Gnezno, to Lowicz, in 1555, on a charge of heresy ; and took with him a copy of the Bible, and a large company of his neighbours. Being thus prepared for the apprehended contest, the Archbishop thought it most prudent to drop the proceedings instituted against him, and allow him to return unmolested. When he got home, he committed to writing, in the Polish language, a Confession of his Faith, which was printed at Konigsberg, in 1556, 4to. Prefixed to it were two Epistles, one addressed to the King, the other to the Archbishop of Gnezno. This Confession contained nothing at variance with the orthodox creed, on the subject of the Trinity. Yet Lutomirscius was one of the first of those, who prepared the way for the controversy respecting the Trinity, which afterwards agitated the kingdom of Poland ; and did not hesitate to attach himself to the party of Gregory Pauli, when that intrepid champion of the Unitarian cause began to broach his opinion concerning the Supremacy of the Father.

John Stoinius, or Stoinski, in his "Epitome Historiae Originis Unitariorum in Polonia," says, (p. 185,) that Lutomirscius was appointed Superintendent of the Churches of Little Poland, by the nineteenth Synod, held at Pinczow, January 30th, 1561. Before this time he had only been thought to be a Pinczovian ; but at the Conference held at Petricow, in 1562, he went over completely to the Antitrinitarian party.

Here it may be desirable to explain what is meant by a Pinczovian ; and, as other designations of the Antitrinitarian body will be found in different parts of this work, the following explanatory remarks, from the pen of Dr. Thomas Rees, (Racovian Catechism ; Hist. Introd. p. xxviii.) may assist the reader in ascertaining the precise meaning of those designations, and may prevent him from confounding them one with the other. "Though these Antitrinitarian reformers have been occasionally styled Unitarians in the preceding narrative, in conformity with modern usage, it must be observed that they were not known by this designation in Poland. At the period now under review, they were called by various denominations, arising chiefly from local or temporary circumstances. They were first distinguished by the name of Pinczovians, from the town of Pinczow, where they had their earliest settlement. Some of the body were afterwards called Farnovians, from Stanislaus Farnovius, who held the Arian doctrine concerning the person of Christ." (Vide Art. 62.) "Others were styled Budneans, from Simon Budnaeus, who maintained the opinion of the simple humanity of Christ, and denied his being a proper object of religious worship." (Vide Art. 76.) "But the designation by which they were afterwards most generally known was that of Racovians, from the town of Racow, which for several years formed their metropolis." (Vide Art. 148.)

On the 17th of May, 1563, at the Synod of Cracow, Lutomirscius wrote a letter to certain Nobles and Brethren, in which he endeavoured to avert the schism, which Stanislaus Sarnicki was attempting to promote ; and vindicated Gregory Pauli from the charges brought against him. This letter was signed by twenty-three Elders and Ministers besides himself; and is inserted entire in Lubieniecius's "History of the Polish Reformation" (pp. 161—164). On the 20th of May, in the same year, he addressed another letter on the same subject to the Ministers and Brethren of Lithuania and Podlachia, which Lubieniecius has likewise incorporated into his "History" (pp. 164—166). He also took a deep interest in the controversy, which had recently sprung up, on the subject of Baptism ; and in the month of June, 1565, wrote a letter, in the name of the Synod of Brzest, in Cujavia, to the Church of the brethren at Wilna, in reference to the dispute, which had arisen between Martin Czechovicius and others. On the 30th of December, in the same year, he also drew up the "Conclusion of the Synod of Wengrow;" and signed it as Superintendent, with the consent of the Synod. Both these documents have been transferred to Lubieniecius's "History," from the manuscript "Commentaries" of Stanislaus Budzinius. (Lubien. Hist. Ref. Pol. pp. 177—179. 180—184.) On the 23rd of July, 1566, he addressed a letter to Martin Czechovicius and his friends, inviting them to a Synod at Brzeziny, at which it was proposed to discuss the doctrines of the preexistence of Christ, and the union of the divine and human natures in his person ; but this Synod, as Sandius informs us, (B. A. p. 43,) was afterwards put off for certain reasons. In 1574, he drew up a statement of his own opinion respecting the lawfulness of a Christian's bearing arms, and acting in the capacity of a Magistrate ; two questions, which, in those times, excited much discussion. Bock thinks, that this statement was directed against Gregory Pauli, or Martin Czechovicius, whom Budnaeus and Budzinius opposed in their writings. In the same year Lutomirscius wrote a letter on the subject of Baptism, in reply to one from Nicholas Partita. In this letter he advocates the celebration of Baptism, and the Lord's Supper ; but admits that the time and mode of celebration should be left to the discretion of different Churches. He recommends the avoidance of all superstition ; and hopes that whatever is done may tend to edification, peace and tranquillity.

Gerdesius produces a letter, addressed by Lutomirscius to John Utenhoven, dated 1560, and three others to the Reformed Churches of Cracow and Wilna ; the first of which was addressed, in 1563, to the Brethren assembled at Cracow ; the second, in the same year, to the Brethren at Wilna ; and the third, in 1565, to the Church at Wilna.